Basic information
Welcome to Math 412!
Math 412 is an introduction to abstract algebra, required for all math majors but possibly of interest also to physicists, computer scientists, and lovers of mathematics. We will begin with ring theory: our first goal is to prove the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, about the ring you've been studying since elementary school, the integers. In the second half, we will study group theory. In addition to developing many examples, students will prove nearly all statements in this course.
Warning: we differ from the book by including in our definition of ring that every ring contains 1.
Prerequisites: Math 217. Students are expected to know linear algebra and to have had a course in which they have been trained in rigorous proof techniques (induction, proof by contradiction, etc).
Required text: Abstract Algebra: an introduction by Thomas W. Hungerford, 3rd edition (earlier editions are OK but homework numbering and page numbers may differ).
Course expectations: Math 412 students are responsible for learning the material on their own through individual reading of the textbook before coming to class. In class, you will work together on more theoretical concepts in small groups using worksheets; this is an essential part of the course and your grade. The course is run "IBL" style, similar to Math 217, so be prepared every time! You will be expected to work out more computational exercises on your own, which will be tested by weekly webwork. You will also have a Quiz every Tuesday, a graded, written problem (think Math 217 Part B) set due Thursdays, and Webwork due every Friday.
Attendance is required.
Sections: All sections will use the same Syllabus, do the same classwork, have the same webwork, take the same exams, and do the same homework, regardless of instructor.
Wednesdays 3 — 4 pm
Thursdays 5 — 6 pm
How to prepare for the final?
Common mistakes on the midterm
The Final Exam was on Thursday, April 25, 4 to 6 pm, in EH 1360. (Final exam solutions)
On the Importance of writing well, a commentary from Ravi Vakil. Everything he says about the importance of writing well applies also to writing your Math 412 homeworks!
Why all rings should have a 1
Supplement on group actions written by Karen Smith
After Math 412: Here you can find a list of IBL courses offered by the UMich Math Department.
Alternatives to Math 412:
Math 312 also satisfies the algebra requirement for the math major. This course covers much of the same material but demands a bit less in terms of what you are expected to be able to prove. It might be a better option for you if you do not like proofs, struggle with or have not had a good introduction to proofs like Math 217. Math 312 will cover some proof techniques that we will assume in Math 412.
Math 217 If you haven't had this, take it! Math 217 is not just "matrix algebra" — it is more theoretical. It will teach you how to "do proofs" for future math classes. It is a great class, with applications all over science, engineering, and math, and the perfect prereq for Math 412.
Math 490 This is a different topic (topology) but also moves at a similar pace and is taught in a similar way. If you are looking for an upper level math elective and don't need an "algebra" course, this is another option.
Math 493 satisfies the algebra requirement, and is also an introduction to Abstract Algebra but it assumes students have had a much deeper introduction to abstract mathematics, such as Math 295
Department of Mathematics | University of Michigan | East Hall | 530 Church Street | Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Math 412 is an introduction to abstract algebra, required for all math majors but possibly of interest also to physicists, computer scientists, and lovers of mathematics. We will begin with ring theory: our first goal is to prove the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, about the ring you've been studying since elementary school, the integers. In the second half, we will study group theory. In addition to developing many examples, students will prove nearly all statements in this course.
Warning: we differ from the book by including in our definition of ring that every ring contains 1.
Prerequisites: Math 217. Students are expected to know linear algebra and to have had a course in which they have been trained in rigorous proof techniques (induction, proof by contradiction, etc).
Required text: Abstract Algebra: an introduction by Thomas W. Hungerford, 3rd edition (earlier editions are OK but homework numbering and page numbers may differ).
Course expectations: Math 412 students are responsible for learning the material on their own through individual reading of the textbook before coming to class. In class, you will work together on more theoretical concepts in small groups using worksheets; this is an essential part of the course and your grade. The course is run "IBL" style, similar to Math 217, so be prepared every time! You will be expected to work out more computational exercises on your own, which will be tested by weekly webwork. You will also have a Quiz every Tuesday, a graded, written problem (think Math 217 Part B) set due Thursdays, and Webwork due every Friday.
Attendance is required.
Sections: All sections will use the same Syllabus, do the same classwork, have the same webwork, take the same exams, and do the same homework, regardless of instructor.
- Section 1 meets every Tuesday (East Hall 4096) and Thursday (East Hall B737) from 8:30 am to 9:50 am
- Section 2 meets every Tuesday (East Hall 3096) and Thursday (East Hall B735) from 10:00 am to 11:20 am
- Section 3 is taught by Dr. Jack Jeffries
Office hours
Tuesdays 5 — 6 pmWednesdays 3 — 4 pm
Thursdays 5 — 6 pm
Webwork
Webwork is due every Friday at 11:59 pm.Problem Sets
Problem sets are due every Thursday.- Problem set 1 due Thursday, January 24 (solutions)
- Problem set 2 due Tuesday, February 5 (solutions)
- Problem set 3 due Thursday, February 7 (solutions)
- Problem set 4 due Thursday, February 14 (solutions)
- Problem set 5 due Friday, February 22, by 4 pm (solutions)
- Problem set 6 due Thursday, March 14 (solutions)
- Problem set 7 due Thursday, March 21 (solutions)
- Problem set 8 due Thursday, March 28 (solutions)
- Problem set 9 due Thursday, April 4 (solutions)
- Problem set 10 due Thursday, April 11 (solutions)
- Problem set 11 due Thursday, April 18 (solutions)
Review materials
- Review questions for the final
- Review T/F questions for the final (solutions)
- Review questions for the midterm
- Review T/F questions for the midterm
How to prepare for the final?
- Know all the important definitions and theorems.
One great way to do that is to go over all the worksheets and focus on the information inside a box. Write your own lists of definitions and theorems. Make sure you not only remember these definitions and theorems but also that you understand what they mean. - Have some basic examples at hand.
Go over your list of definitions and add examples and non-examples to each particular definition. You might also add some examples of special cases where you would use some of the most important theorems to your list of theorems. - Practice some computational examples too.
Webwork is a great source of lots of computational examples. What groups are isomorphic to each other? Can you apply the Euclidean algorithm? Can you count how many units are there in a particular ring? Webwork will show you the correct answers, if you do not know how to obtain them, ask me for help!
Exams
The Midterm was on Tuesday, February 26, 6 to 8 pm, in CHEM 1400. (Midterm solutions)Common mistakes on the midterm
The Final Exam was on Thursday, April 25, 4 to 6 pm, in EH 1360. (Final exam solutions)
Further readings and videos
How to prove itOn the Importance of writing well, a commentary from Ravi Vakil. Everything he says about the importance of writing well applies also to writing your Math 412 homeworks!
Why all rings should have a 1
Supplement on group actions written by Karen Smith
Worksheets
To read before the first class: sections 1.1 and 1.2 in the book.- Thursday, January 10: Division algorithm (answers) and the Euclidean algorithm (answers)
To (re)read before the next class: sections 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 in the book - Tuesday, January 15: Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic (answers)
To read before the next class: section 2.1 in the book - Thursday, January 17: Congruence (answers)
Quiz 1 (solutions)
To read before the next class: section 2.2 and 2.3 in the book - Tuesday, January 22: (answers)
Quiz 2 (solutions)
Fill out the Midterm 1 poll
To read before the next class: section 3.1 in the book - Thursday, January 24: Operations (answers)
Due in class: Homework 1
To read before the next class: sections 3.1 and 3.2 - Tuesday, January 29: Rings rings rings (answers)
Quiz 3 (solutions)
To read before the next class: section 3.3 - Thursday, January 31: cold day
- Tuesday, February 5: Ring homomorphisms (answers)
Quiz 4 (solutions)
Due in class: Homework 2
To read before the next class: section 4.1 - Thursday, February 5: More rings (answers)
Due in class: Homework 3
To read before next class: finish chapter 4 - Tuesday, February 12: Polynomial rings (answers)
Quiz 5 (solutions)
To read before the next class: section 6.3 - Thursday, February 14: Ideals (answers)
Due in class: Homework 4
To read before next class: section 6.2 - Tuesday, February 19: Quotient rings (answers)
Quiz 6 (solutions)
To read before the next class: reread section 6.2 - Thursday, February 21: continuing Quotient rings (answers)
Due in class: Homework 5 - Tuesday, February 26: Review for the Midterm
Office hours: 1 to 2 pm in Jack's office, 2 to 3 pm in EH 2234, 3 to 4 pm in EH B745.
6 to 7:40 pm: Midterm in CHEM1400 - Thursday, February 28: The First Isomorphism Theorem (answers)
- Tuesday, March 5, and Thursday, March 7: Winter break!
To read for next week: section 7.1 - Tuesday, March 12: Groups (answers)
To read for next class: section 7.2 - Thursday, March 14: More groups (answers)
Quiz 7 (solutions)
Due in class: Homework 6
To read before next class: section 7.3 - Tuesday, March 19: Group homomorphisms (answers)
Quiz 8 (solutions)
To read before next class: section 7.5 - Thursday, March 21: Symmetric groups (answers)
Due in class: Homework 7
To read before next class: section 8.1 - Tuesday, March 26: Cosets (answers)
Quiz 9 (solutions)
To read before next class: the supplement on group actions written by Karen Smith - Thursday, March 28: Groups actions (answers)
Due in class: Homework 8
To read before next class: keep reading the supplement on group actions written by Karen Smith - Tuesday, April 2: Orbit Stabilizers (answers)
Quiz 10 (solutions)
To read before next class: section 8.2 - Thursday, April 4: Normal subgroups (answers)
Due in class: Homework 9
To read before next class: section 8.3 - Tuesday, April 9: Group quotients (answers)
Quiz 11 (solutions)
To read before next class: section 8.5 - Thursday, April 11: The First Isomorphism Theorem and simple groups (answers)
Due in class: Homework 10
To read before next class: chapter 13 - Tuesday, April 16: Groups and cryptography Elliptic curves (answers) and the RSA (answers)
Some elliptic curves: 1, 2 and 3
You might find this modular arithmetic calculator helpful
Quiz 12 (solutions)
To read before next class: chapter 15 - Thursday, April 18: Constructible numbers (answers)
Due in class: Homework 11 - Tuesday, April 23: Review for the final exam
- Thursday, April 25, 4 to 6 pm in EH 1360: final exam
- Friday, April 26: yay summer!
After Math 412: Here you can find a list of IBL courses offered by the UMich Math Department.
Alternatives to Math 412:
Math 312 also satisfies the algebra requirement for the math major. This course covers much of the same material but demands a bit less in terms of what you are expected to be able to prove. It might be a better option for you if you do not like proofs, struggle with or have not had a good introduction to proofs like Math 217. Math 312 will cover some proof techniques that we will assume in Math 412.
Math 217 If you haven't had this, take it! Math 217 is not just "matrix algebra" — it is more theoretical. It will teach you how to "do proofs" for future math classes. It is a great class, with applications all over science, engineering, and math, and the perfect prereq for Math 412.
Math 490 This is a different topic (topology) but also moves at a similar pace and is taught in a similar way. If you are looking for an upper level math elective and don't need an "algebra" course, this is another option.
Math 493 satisfies the algebra requirement, and is also an introduction to Abstract Algebra but it assumes students have had a much deeper introduction to abstract mathematics, such as Math 295